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Obligatory Duties
Five Times of Life
Fard Duties in Islam
Outer Duties – 'Ilm az-Zohar, fard
1. Tawheed: Belief in Allaah, and He is One (Wahidan) and Alone (Ahadan) as the
matchless (Qufwan) Sustainer (Rahmaan). It is the knowing and accepting that there is
no Power but God, He.
Laa ilaaha illa Huwa. You can recognize this Power.
2. Shahadah: Witness in your actions that you accept and respect God’s ability to
create. You accept the legal body of rules that govern right and wrong, and you apply
them to your life. You also carry a responsibility to check insincere feelings about your
duties, and if that happens, ask God to correct that. Don’t be superficial.
3. Salaat: You offer your state up to God, and you ask Him to help and sustain you.
This is where you show Love (‘ibadat) to God, and in this connection, you receive Light
that shows you where you are going wrong, and where true motivations exist. If you
have true ‘abadat, then your worship is of God alone. You see this through the process
of prayer. Also this is why the Qur’an is read in the salaat, because if you can’t attain
that sight of God, at least you can hear words that resemble that Truth and Light (ihsan).
4. Zakat: Charity in duties of zakat and of saddika are needed to equalize and clean
you of your selfish miserliness. You must understand that all have a place in the order
of God. If you have, you should share, if you don’t you must accept without pride. More
important than material things is the kindness you afford others. Even a smile or
removing a small difficulty for someone is good. In a practical sense, having a poor due
serves to diminish the “rich get richer, and the poor get poorer” tendency of business
(riba’).
5. Hajj: As you have means, you are asked to travel to Mecca to present your body
inside the protected area (haaram). You will understand the difficulties that come from
such a duty. More important than that, you must also sojourn through this world first
raising, then declining in bodily life. You must also pray for your heart to sojourn too.
It is not good for a man past 45 to be still embracing childish ways. It is a sign that his
Hajj is not accepted, when a person enters the sanctuary (haaram), and is only thinking
of business and the advantages of travel and tourism.
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